My Birth Place Kashmir

Brief Description about Jammu & Kashmir

"A city blessed by Almighty Allah - Kashmir Valley is surrounded by some of the highest mountains in the world and is a land of immense natural beauty. It is also called "Tourist Paradise on earth as well as Heaven on the Earth."

Jammu and Kashmir is the sixth largest state in India including the area occupied by Pakistan and China. The crown of India lies in the extreme north of the country and is bounded on three sides by China, Afghanistan and Pakistan.

The entire state is almost mountainous, broken by stretches of valley and dotted with mountain lakes. The state is studded with a number of hill stations, which are refreshing cool in summer. They offer to the tourists a leisurely or adventurous holiday amidst breath-taking scenery.

Strategically located Jammu and Kashmir State constitutes the northern most extremity of India. Large parts of it have, however, been annexed by China and Pakistan. Yet, some of the most majestic parts of this state remain in India. The State is bounded by Pakistan, Afghanistan and China from the West to the East.

It has four geographical zones viz;

1. Sub-mountain and semi-mountain plain known as kandi or dry belt,
2. The Shivalak ranges,
3. The high mountain zone constituting the Kashmir Valley, Pir Panchal range and its off-shoots including Doda, Poonch and Rajouri districts and part of Kathua and Udhampur districts
4. The middle run of the Indus river comprising Leh and Kargil.

A major portion of Jammu & Kashmir State consists of the western Himalayas , which besides many lofty mountain ranges with varying heights of 3000 to 6000 meters and above, also abound in rivers, lakes, passes, glaciers, plateaus and plains. The number of streams, brooks, hill torrents and rivers is also fairly large. The most important rivers are the Indus, Chenab, Jehlum and Ravi.

Jammu & Kashmir, India is the fixed to northern most part of India like a glittering crown of India with all its glory and luster. Amidst the snow covered peaks and the labyrinthine valleys of its three chief regions- Ladakh, Kashmir, Jammu - eternity is as much a geographical fact as that of time. Travel to this glorious snow wrapped land of India - Jammu & Kashmir, all dressed up to offer you the most exciting of opportunities to make your stay in India a an unforgettable one. Travel to Kashmir and dwell in the land of varied cultures and customs. Make your off hours more fruitful with a tour to this Switzerland of East. Cover yourself with cosy fabrics of Kashmir sipping the special Kashmiri tea called as "NunChai" which means Slated Tea and relish the laziz Kashmiri cuisine and make you tour to Kashmir a perfect success. Kashmir - the garden of India, surrounded by pines amidst the white carpet of snow with beautiful lakes, dotted with luxurious house boats and ancient pilgrimages is perfect place to make you holidays truly profitable. Kashmir is an area on the northern borders of India and Pakistan; officially known as Jammu & Kashmir.

Kashmir is famous for its natural beauty and has often been referred to as the 'Switzerland of the East'. The heart of the area is the fertile Vale of Kashmir (known as The Valley), which lies between the Himalayas and the Pir Panjal mountain range. Here the climate is mild and the soil well watered

Kashmir covers an area of 222,237 SqKm (85,800 SqMi). Mount Godwin Austen/K2 (8,611m/28,250 ft) and mount Nanga Parbat (8,123m/26,650 ft) lie in Northern Kashmir.

The Indus river flows through Kashmir. The river Jhelum flows through the Vale of Kashmir. The mountains have much precious forests.

About 12 million people live in Kashmir, of which around 70% are Muslims. The rest include Hindus, Sikhs and Buddhists. Hindus live mostly in the south and around the city of Jammu. To the east is the Ladakh region, where the majority of the people are Buddhists and of Tibetan origin. Most of the Kashmiri people work on farms. Others are engaged in small industries making shawls, rugs and carpets. Kashmir is well known for its wool and, in particular, its shawls and carpets.

Much of the farmland is under intense cultivation, producing corn, wheat, rice and saffron amongst other crops. Fruit and nuts are also produced in quantities including pears, apples and walnuts.

Kashmir has been the key to the dispute between India and Pakistan since their independence from the British in 1947. Each country claims Kashmir as a part of its territory. As a result of a rebellion in 1947 and the subsequent wars between India and Pakistan over Kashmir, the area is separated by a Line-of-Control (LOC or cease-fire line). To the east of the LOC lies the vale of Kashmir, Jammu and Ladakh which are administered by India. To the west lies the area now known as 'Azad [Free] Kashmir' which is governed by its own government with strong ties with Pakistan.

The capitals of Indian-held Kashmir are Srinagar in the summer and Jammu in the winter; whilst the capital of Azad Kashmir is Muzaffarabad.

Since 1989 the controversy over Kashmir has taken a violent turn in the valley; the Kashmiri people themselves have taken up arms against the Indian occupation. India is now deploying more than 700,000 troops in the valley to crush the Freedom Movement.


Historical Background of Kashmir

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Naiz Ahmed Naik